Historically
Established the first fortified settlements on the site of Warsaw in the ninth and tenth century, was the establishment of a similar new settlement site small. Also fishing village established the Warsaw Modern in 1300, and at the beginning of the 14th century became one of the seats in the Dukes and to become the capital of Masovia in 1413, and adopted the economy Warsaw on hand crafts and trade.The beginning of the history of the Warsaw dating back to 1313, when Krakow was the Polish capital. Because of its central location between the capitals of the Commonwealth Krakow and Vilnius, Warsaw is the capital of the Commonwealth when it became King Saasmond go to his kingdom from Krakow to Warsaw in 1596.After the third partition of Poland in 1795, Warsaw was established in the Kingdom of Prussia, and in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars, Warsaw is the capital, the official Duchy became, where they fell in the hands of the First French Empire, which was created by Napoleon Bonaparte, according to the decision of the Congress of Vienna. In 1815 the Russian Empire annexed to Warsaw, and became part of the "kingdom of Congress."In 1918, regained its independence from foreign rule and emerged as the capital of a new independent republic in Poland, and stood with the German invasion in 1939, which led to the massacre of the Jewish population occurs with the deportation and detention of the camps, and soon that the uprising in the Warsaw Ghetto in 1943, then followed by the Warsaw uprising main destroyer between August and October 1944, which earned Warsaw the title of "City of Phoenix," due to the survival of many of its residents during the wars and conflicts and invasions throughout its long history, most notably the city, which was rebuilt after extensive damage incurred during World War II, where the destruction of 85% of the buildings in the November 9, 1940 and the city was awarded the highest decoration in the military starring Poland, Virtuti Militari, during the siege of Warsaw in 1939.
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| Warsaw in 1945 |
Geography
Warsaw is located on the Vistula River, which is in central and eastern Poland, and 300 km from the Carpathian Mountains, and is about 260 km from the Baltic Sea, and is bordered to the east of Berlin, Germany.Located in the heart of the Masovian, and the average height of 100 meters above sea level, the highest point on the left side of the city to a height of 115.7 meters, where there are "Redutowa" as a way station for buses and the Wola ", and the lowest area is located at a height of 75.6 meters on the right bank of the Vistula, Ali Using the eastern border of Warsaw, and there are some hills, which lies within the city limits.Warsaw gathering between two of the most important geomorphological formations: cumulus plateau which is in plain Vistula Valley, a non-symmetrical pattern of different terraces, and the Vistula River, which represents a specific axis of Warsaw, which divides the city into two parts, left and right.There are easy cumulus plateau, which has only a small number of natural and artificial ponds and groups of drilling mud Also, the pattern strips Vistula is asymmetric, which consists of the left side of two levels: the top one contains the stands flooded previous water, and the lowest one is easy balcony. Contemporary porch still the valleys and clear show with ground depressions systems of water coming from the old Vistula "downstream", which consists of tables and natural lakes, as well as the pattern of trenches discharge, while the right side of Warsaw has a different form of geomorfological style, and there are several levels of Vistula terraces normal flooded a small invisible part extends even rubble shelf, next to the aeolian sands and a number of dunes that exist before the peat bogs and small ponds that cover the top of the porch, a "pine forests" forest covered mainly by.
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| Poland Location |
Religiously
Warsaw is a multicultural city, according to the census of 1901, a population of 711 988 inhabitants, 56.2% of whom are Catholic, 35.7% Jews 0.5% Greek Orthodox Christians and Protestants 2.8%. Eight years later, in 1909, the population was 281 754 inhabitants, and became Jews representing "36.9%", and Protestants 18 189 "2.4%" and led to the construction of hundreds of places of religious worship throughout the city, where they were destroyed, mostly in the aftermath of the Warsaw uprising of 1944, and after the war the new communist authorities came from Poland to build churches and rebuilt only a small part of it.
Economically
In 2011, the Warsaw city occupies ranked 46 most expensive places of living in the world, has been classified as a city of the world, also known as the "Great World City" by globalization and the global group, and there are a network of universities, Loughborough, and thus placed with major cities such as Amsterdam or Rome city occupies ranked 8 out of 65 cities on the MasterCard emerging Markets index in 2008.
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